Low surface-energy materials, such as amorphous carbon (a-C) films are used to modify surfaces so as to control their wettability.  In a recent paper in the journal Carbon (Flame Synthesis of Superhydrophobic Amorphous Carbon Surfaces by Sayangdev Naha, Swarnendu Sen and Ishwar K. Puri), we have shown that silicon wafers can be placed in flames to grow a-C nanobeads which form a superhydrophobic coating.  This is an example of the Cassie equilibrium state when water droplets (1) form very large contact angles in excess of 150° on superhydrophobic surfaces and (2) show very low hysteresis allowing the drops to easily roll off the surfaces.  The water droplets sit on the asperities of the surface which is roughened suitably on the microscale by the nanobeads, while air is entrapped in the structure below these nanobeads.